The figures provided here are typical values I use in the field, as well as values that frequently appear in design documents.<\/p>\n
![\"\u6cd5\u67a0\u5de5\u306e\u6750\u6599\u7b97\u51fa\u306f\u56f3\u9762\u306e\u6cd5\u9577\u3068\u9762\u7a4d\u304b\u3089\u59cb\u307e\u308b\"](\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/43cafb0e44824b01c75104e317b4b1a5.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
5 Key Figures to Know First | We Can\u2019t Release the Materials Until These Are Finalized<\/h3>\n
Before providing the materials for the frame, there are five measurements you must be sure to take from the drawings.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Adhesive Area<\/strong>(Construction Area)<\/li>\n
- Maximum Length of the Law<\/strong>(The longest part of the drawing)<\/li>\n
- Page Size and Pitch<\/strong>(Example: Legal limit 300, pitch 2.0 meters)<\/li>\n
- Reinforcing Bar Diameter and Lap Length<\/strong>(Example: D13, 40d layered)<\/li>\n
- Length of a single reinforcing bar<\/strong>(Example: 5 meters)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Once you have these five things, the rest will follow automatically.<\/p>\n
Conversely, if even one of these remains unclear, everything\u2014right down to the final number of cement bags\u2014will be off.<\/p>\n
We will apply this calculation example to the following project.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Adhesive area: 214 square meters<\/li>\n
- Maximum length: 18 meters<\/li>\n
- Frame dimensions: 300 (frame width 0.3 meters \u00d7 frame height 0.3 meters), spacing 2.0 meters<\/li>\n
- Reinforcing bars: D13, lap splices: D13 \u00d7 40 = 520 millimeters<\/li>\n
- Length of rebar used: 5 meters<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
![\"\u6cd5\u9762\u5c55\u958b\u56f3\"](\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/zumen.jpg\")
<\/p>\nAs shown in the drawing above, actual slopes are often triangular or trapezoidal; you almost never see a perfect rectangle.<\/p>\n
But I,We will provisionally calculate triangular mountains as if they were square.<\/strong><\/p>\n
Assuming the floor area of the plan shown above is 214 m\u00b2,<\/p>\n
214 square meters \u00f7 18 meters = 11.9 meters<\/p>\n
Therefore, we'll set the horizontal length to 12 meters.<\/p>\n
It's okay if it differs from the actual shape.<\/p>\n
Finally, we account for it through the loss rate.<\/p>\n
If you try to be too precise from the start, you\u2019ll end up getting stuck, so it\u2019s much faster on-site to start by replacing things with rough rectangles to get a sense of the big picture.<\/p>\n
Quantities for Lath Installers | Lath Wire Mesh and Primary\/Secondary Anchors<\/h3>\n
Before installing the framing, we\u2019ll start with the lath work.<\/p>\n
The three typical quantities that appear in design documents are as follows:<\/p>\n
- \n
- Ras Wire Mesh (#14 \u00d7 50 \u00d7 50): 140 square meters per 100 square meters<\/li>\n
- Main anchors (\u03c616 \u00d7 400 mm): 30 per 100 square meters<\/li>\n
- Auxiliary anchors (\u03c69 \u00d7 200 millimeters): 150 per 100 square meters<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Converted to square meters, these figures are 1.4 square meters, 0.3 rolls, and 1.5 rolls, respectively. All that\u2019s left is to multiply by the area to be covered.<\/p>\n
Let's assume, for example, that the site has a bonding area of 600 square meters.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Las Wire Mesh: 600 square meters \u00d7 1.4 = 840 square meters<\/strong><\/li>\n
- Main Anchor: 600 square meters \u00d7 0.3 = 180 bottles<\/strong><\/li>\n
- Auxiliary anchors: 600 square meters \u00d7 1.5 = 900 bottles<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
The \"140 square meters \/ 100 square meters\" figure for Ras Wire Mesh basically means a 40% increase, right?<\/p>\n
Since these figures already account for overlap and waste, there is generally no need to add a further markup for the wire mesh.<\/p>\n
However, the actual slope surface is uneven.<\/p>\n
For sites with extremely uneven terrain or where additional material is required for spring water treatment, an additional loss factor is applied on top of this.<\/p>\n
If it's a 20% increase, please multiply by 1.2. That isOrder Quantity at the Site<\/strong>will be.<\/p>\n
And here\u2019s something people tend to forget, but\u2014Anchor pins are sold by the box<\/strong>That's it.<\/p>\n
- \n
- If there are 30 anchors per box, then 180 \u00f7 30 = 6 boxes<\/strong><\/li>\n
- If there are 200 auxiliary anchors per box, then 900 \u00f7 200 = 4.5 boxes = 5 boxes<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
If the result isn't a whole number, always round up.<\/p>\n
4.5 boxes\u2014you can't place an order for that, lol<\/p>\n
You might think, \u201cWhy not just split it into two shipments?\u201d but if the delivery location is small, the loss in shipping costs will be greater.<\/p>\n
When it comes to things like wire mesh and anchor pins, I think it\u2019s better to install them all at once.<\/p>\n
On the other hand, for heavy or bulky items like rebar and cement, it\u2019s better to split the shipment into two parts, as I\u2019ll explain later.<\/p>\n
But these days, fares are through the roof...<\/p>\n
It\u2019s like we\u2019re back in those days when if a shipment didn\u2019t arrive on the next try, the shipping costs alone would be a disaster...<\/p>\n
![\"Siding](\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/b12c677df23b6e858a8b83ede96b114f.jpg\")
<\/p>\nExposing the Vertical Reinforcing Bars for the Retaining Wall | Constructing an 18-meter-long retaining wall with 5-meter-long reinforcing bars<\/h3>\n
This is where the actual work of assembling the formwork begins. First, we\u2019ll start with the rebar for the vertical beams (in the direction of the formwork length).<\/p>\n
The site we were just discussing had a span of 18 meters, 5 meters of rebar (D13), and lap splices of 520 millimeters, right?<\/p>\n
1. Determine the number of rebar bars and the locations of the splices<\/strong><\/p>\n
18 meters \u00f7 5 meters = 3 pieces with 3 meters left over<\/p>\n
In other words, 5 meters + 5 meters + 5 meters + 3 meters = 18 meters. Since we\u2019re connecting four pieces,There are three joints.<\/strong>That's it.<\/p>\n
Sometimes people mistakenly think, \u201cSince there are four pipes, there must be four joints.\u201d The number of joints is equal to the number of pipes minus one.<\/p>\n
I messed up at first, too, lol.<\/p>\n
2. Add the overlap length of the joint<\/strong><\/p>\n
0.52 meters \u00d7 3 locations = 1.56 meters<\/p>\n
3. Length required for a single reinforcing bar (1 bar)<\/strong><\/p>\n
3 pieces of 5 meters each + 3 meters + 1.56 meters = 19.56 meters<\/strong><\/p>\n
4. Since Frame 300 uses four reinforcing bars on the top and bottom,<\/strong><\/p>\n
19.56 meters \u00d7 4 = 78.24 meters per girder<\/strong><\/p>\n
5. Determine the number of beams (number of intersections)<\/strong><\/p>\n
Horizontal length \u00f7 Formwork spacing = Span 12 meters \u00f7 2 meters = 6 spans<\/p>\n
6 spans + 1 = 7 beams<\/strong><\/p>\n
The trick is to add 1 to the span.<\/p>\n
Just like with fence posts, there\u2019s one more support post than there are gaps, right?<\/p>\n
If you forget this \u201c+1,\u201d you\u2019ll be short an entire beam\u2019s worth of rebar.<\/p>\n
6. Total Longitudinal Rebar<\/strong><\/p>\n
7 beams \u00d7 78.24 meters = 547.68 meters<\/strong><\/p>\n
547.68 meters \u00d7 0.995 kilograms per meter = Approximately 545 kilograms<\/strong><\/p>\n
The unit mass of D13, 0.995 kilograms per meter, is the nominal value specified in JIS G 3112 (Steel Bars for Reinforced Concrete).<\/p>\n
These are figures we can confidently state as fact.<\/p>\n
For reference, the D13 has a nominal diameter of 12.7 millimeters and a nominal cross-sectional area of 126.7 square millimeters.<\/p>\n
Note that the lap joint length of \u201c40d\u201d is the setting used in this example.<\/p>\n
In practice, the design documents and specifications may specify 30d or 35d, so please be sure to check them.<\/p>\n
If this changes, the amount of rebar will change somewhat.<\/p>\n
Exposing the Reinforcing Bars in the Horizontal Beams of the Frame | The Approach Is Exactly the Same as for Vertical Beams<\/h3>\n
These are the horizontal beams. Honestly, it's the same as with the vertical beams lol. Just swap the vertical and horizontal numbers.<\/p>\n
The length was 12 meters, wasn't it?<\/p>\n
12 meters \u00f7 5 meters = 2 pieces with 2 meters left over \u2192 5 meters + 5 meters + 2 meters = 12 meters,There are two joints.<\/strong><\/p>\n
0.52 meters \u00d7 2 locations = 1.04 meters<\/p>\n
2 pieces of 5 meters each + 2 meters + 1.04 meters = 13.04 meters<\/strong><\/p>\n
13.04 meters \u00d7 4 pieces = 52.16 meters per girder<\/strong><\/p>\n
Total Length \u00f7 Beam Spacing = Number of Spans 18 meters \u00f7 2 meters = 9 spans 9 spans + 1 = 10 beams<\/strong><\/p>\n
10 beams \u00d7 52.16 meters = 521.6 meters<\/strong><\/p>\n
521.6 meters \u00d7 0.995 kilograms per meter = Approximately 519 kilograms<\/strong><\/p>\n
When you combine the vertical and horizontal beams,<\/strong><\/p>\n
545 kilograms + 519 kilograms = Approximately 1,064 kilograms<\/strong><\/p>\n
In terms of total length, 547.68 meters + 521.6 meters = 1,069.28 meters<\/strong><\/p>\n
To convert this to the number of units, using a standard length of 5 meters: 1,069.28 meters \u00f7 5 meters = 213.9 \u2192 214 bottles<\/strong><\/p>\n
*Note: In the previous post (Part 3), I wrote \u201c1,064 kilograms \u00f7 5 meters = 213 pieces,\u201d but this was a mistake\u2014I had divided the weight by the length. The correct method is to divide the total length by the standard length. I\u2019ve recalculated and corrected this in this post. My apologies! lol<\/p>\n
If you're an experienced professional, I think it would be fine to factor in a loss rate based on the site's topography when delivering the materials.<\/p>\n
It's just that I,We'll place the first order for the frame rebar based on this quantity for now.<\/strong><\/p>\n
The reason is simple: within the legal framework, it\u2019s easy to incur losses due to misjudging the ups and downs. Splitting it into two parts will actually end up being cheaper.<\/p>\n
As I wrote last time, as of August 2026, it\u2019s been once!<\/p>\n
The shipping costs for materials have risen so much that there\u2019s simply no way to resolve the issue.<\/p>\n
Let's plan for a loss that's a little on the high side.<\/p>\n
![\"Material](\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/c19ab7218d9c72e07c5287dfda352c7c.jpg\")
<\/p>\nCalculating the Number of Formwork Panels | The Relationship Between Span and Number of Intersection Points<\/h3>\n
Next is the number of formwork panels for the frame, commonly known as formwork boards.<\/p>\n
A moment ago, we came up with the numbers 9 for the vertical span and 6 for the horizontal span. We'll use those numbers as is.<\/p>\n
![\"\u6cd5\u67a0\u5de5\u306e\u30b9\u30d1\u30f3\u3068\u4ea4\u70b9\u6570\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f\u5272\u4ed8\u56f3\"](\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/5b1533430d70a5408c068bfaee5c3cf3.jpg\")
<\/p>\nThe layout should look like the diagram above. (Don't worry about the orientation, lol.)<\/p>\n
- \n
- Vertical frame: (Horizontal span + 1) \u00d7 Vertical span = (6 + 1) \u00d7 9 = 63 sheets<\/strong><\/li>\n
- Horizontal span: (Vertical span + 1) \u00d7 Horizontal span = (9 + 1) \u00d7 6 = 60 sheets<\/strong><\/li>\n
- Total = 123 sheets<\/strong>(We will not consider losses here.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
And here are the two important relationships that you\u2019ll be using for a long time to come:<\/p>\n
- \n
- (Horizontal Span + 1) = Number of crossings<\/strong>(This time: 7)<\/li>\n
- (Vertical span + 1) = Number of vertical intersections<\/strong>(This time: 10)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
This \"number of junctions\" will be needed for the subsequent calculations involving the anchor and the drain pipe.<\/p>\n
Ultimately, the quantity calculation for the legal framework comes down to thisThe Product of a Span and the Number of Intersection Points<\/strong>That takes care of everything.<\/p>\n
Main Anchor, Auxiliary Anchor, Drain Pipe | All Can Be Determined by the Number of Intersections<\/h3>\n
I'll use the number of intersection points from earlier to generate them all at once.<\/p>\n
Auxiliary Anchor<\/strong><\/p>\n
Horizontal Span \u00d7 Number of Auxiliary Anchors \u00d7 Number of Vertical Intersections = Number of Auxiliary Anchors<\/p>\n
If the legal limit is 300, that\u2019s 3 rods per span, so 6 spans \u00d7 3 rods \u00d7 10 intersections = 180 bottles<\/strong><\/p>\n
Drain Pipe<\/strong><\/p>\n
Number of horizontal spans \u00d7 Number of vertical intersections = Number of drainage points 6 spans \u00d7 10 intersections = 60 locations<\/strong><\/p>\n
Assuming a legal limit of 300 and a length of 0.35 meters per PVC pipe section, 0.35 meters \u00d7 60 sections = 21 meters. 21 meters \u00f7 4 meters (per PVC pipe) = 5.25 pipes = 6 bottles<\/strong><\/p>\n
Lead Anchor<\/strong><\/p>\n
Number of vertical intersections \u00d7 Number of horizontal intersections = Number of main anchors 10 intersections \u00d7 7 intersections = 70 bottles<\/strong><\/p>\n
As for the rough loss rate, based on my experience,There are just under 20% auxiliary anchor pins, and about the number of intersection points plus 20 main anchors.<\/strong>Just take a look at that, and that should be enough.<\/p>\n
However, just like with the steel reinforcement bars, it\u2019s fine to have the second shipment delivered once we see how things are progressing. (After all, the anchors can be shipped via courier!)<\/p>\n
How can we minimize material waste?<\/p>\n
This is what construction management is all about\u2014it may be unassuming, but it\u2019s an effective way to stay within budget.<\/p>\n
![\"Mortar](\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/38644e524e5dae9d7e76abb69f5b6298.jpg\")
<\/p>\nQuantities of Mortar and Sand | A Straight Line from Formwork Length to Number of Cement Bags<\/h3>\n
We've finally moved on from formwork and other materials to mortar.<\/p>\n
Here, it\u2019s just three steps: \u201cCalculate the total length of the frame\u201d \u2192 \u201cConvert to volume\u201d \u2192 \u201cMultiply by the composition.\u201d<\/p>\n
First, regarding the mix ratio: a 1:4 mortar mix is generally specified in design documents from virtually any country, prefecture, or municipality.<\/p>\n
Cement : Sand = 420 kilograms : 1,680 kilograms (per cubic meter)<\/p>\n
I think so. The key point is that we know there are 420 kilograms of cement per cubic meter.<\/p>\n
1. Determine the extension of the legal framework<\/strong><\/p>\n
Since the standard frame pitch is 2.0 meters and the frame width is 0.3 meters, the length of a single frame is 2.0 \u2212 0.3 = 1.7 meters.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Vertical panels: 63 panels \u00d7 1.7 meters = 107.1 meters<\/li>\n
- Horizontal panels: 60 panels \u00d7 1.7 meters = 102.0 meters<\/li>\n
- Intersections: 7 across \u00d7 10 down = 70 intersections \u00d7 0.3 meters = 21.0 meters<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Total = 107.1 + 102.0 + 21.0 = 230.1 meters<\/strong><\/p>\n
I've added the intersection part at the end, but it doesn't really matter which order you do this in.<\/p>\n
That's because cement orders can be changed even while construction is underway.<\/p>\n
Please be a little more careful with concrete mixer trucks.<\/p>\n
Ready-mix concrete is so expensive these days that we really want to minimize material waste as much as possible, right?!<\/p>\n
2. Convert to volume<\/strong><\/p>\n
Frame Length \u00d7 Frame Width \u00d7 Frame Height = Mortar Volume<\/p>\n
230.1 meters \u00d7 0.3 meters \u00d7 0.3 meters = 20.71 cubic meters<\/strong><\/p>\n
3. Number of bags of cement<\/strong><\/p>\n
20.71 cubic meters \u00d7 420 kilograms = 8,698 kilograms 8,698 kilograms \u00f7 25 kilograms per bag = 347.9 = 348 bags<\/strong><\/p>\n
For ready-mix concrete trucks, either factor in some loss for the first 20.71 m\u00b3 or just make up the difference on-site.<\/p>\n
4. Sand<\/strong><\/p>\n
Sand is easy. Since it weighs 1,680 kilograms per cubic meter,<\/p>\n
20.71 cubic meters \u00d7 1,680 kilograms = 34,791 kilograms = Approximately 34.8 metric tons<\/strong><\/p>\n
In reality, you\u2019ll be fine if you just add about 20 percent to your estimate.<\/p>\n
That's because you can't put all the sand in at once.<\/p>\n
Even with large dump trucks, given the size of the storage area, a maximum of about four trucks per day is realistic.<\/p>\n
You just need to get a general idea of it and make the final adjustments later, so there\u2019s no need to worry too much about this part.<\/p>\n
![\"Angle](\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/c6064f4b9beea413d1c7fdc331b39415.jpg\")
<\/p>\nAs an aside, take a look at the angle of the slope on the sand dune in the photo above. This...Angle of repose<\/strong>is what they say.<\/p>\n
That refers to the angle of a slope that naturally stabilizes when powders or granules are gently piled up, doesn't it?<\/p>\n
So, I\u2019m going to correct this since I wrote it rather sloppily in the old post.<\/p>\n
At the time, I wrote that \u201cthe angle at which a slope transitions from stable to unstable is called the angle of internal friction,\u201d but strictly speaking, the angle of repose and the angle of internal friction are not the same.<\/p>\n
- \n
- Angle of Internal Friction (\u03c6)<\/strong>: A constant that appears in the formula for soil shear strength, \u03c4 = c + \u03c3 tan\u03c6, representing the angle that indicates the magnitude of frictional resistance, which increases in proportion to the normal stress.<\/li>\n
- Adhesive Strength (c)<\/strong>: The force that binds soil particles together, regardless of vertical stress<\/li>\n
- Angle of repose<\/strong>: The slope angle at which a pile of granular material settles naturally<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
It is generally accepted that for materials with virtually zero cohesion\u2014such as dry sand\u2014the angle of repose is close to the angle of internal friction; however, in cohesive soils, the two do not coincide.<\/p>\n
This \u03c4 = c + \u03c3 tan\u03c6 is what is known as the Coulomb failure criterion.<\/p>\n
And when this sand pile becomes fully saturated with water, it collapses. The role of retaining structures, such as gabions, is to ensure that the slope\u2014which has become heavier due to water absorption\u2014maintains the necessary safety factor against external forces.<\/p>\n
For reference, the \u201cGuidelines for Cut Work and Slope Stabilization in Road Earthworks\u201d (Heisei 21 edition) specifies safety factors of 1.2 for permanent structures and 1.05 for temporary structures when designing ground anchor systems and other measures to prevent landslides. The figure \u201c1.2\u201d frequently mentioned on construction sites originates from this source.<\/p>\n
Automating Calculations in Excel | Don't Do the Same Calculation Twice<\/h3>\n
Doing all these calculations by hand every time the worksite changes is definitely a hassle.<\/p>\n
Since I've set it up in Excel, I've configured it so that entering the area and the side length will generally give me the result.<\/p>\n
Over there, they're using AI to develop apps.<\/p>\n
I'll release this as a (Test) version once I've used it for a while, so please wait a little longer.<\/p>\n
![\"Shingle](\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/db7387b3e0961f6f44d5ed05e5f15b6b.jpg\")
<\/p>\nAs shown in the table above, enter the area (for example, 600) in cell A1, and then,<\/p>\n
Cell D3: = $A$1 * B3 * C3<\/strong><\/p>\n
This will give you \u201carea \u00d7 quantity per square meter \u00d7 loss rate.\u201d The key is to enclose A1 in dollar signs to make it an absolute reference. That way, even if you copy the formula down, the area cell won\u2019t shift.<\/p>\n
Cell F3: = ROUNDUP(D3 \/ E3, 0)<\/strong><\/p>\n
For values where you want to \"round up\" the fractional part\u2014such as the number of boxes or items\u2014use the ROUNDUP function to round up the decimal places.<\/p>\n
The value 0 in the second argument means \"round to 0 decimal places.\"<\/p>\n
If you use the ROUND function to round this off, 4.4 boxes will become 4 boxes, and you won't have enough materials.As a general rule, all quantity calculations are rounded up.<\/strong>That's it.<\/p>\n
I\u2019ve chosen not to automate the loss rate calculation; instead, I enter it manually each time based on my own judgment.<\/p>\n
The undulations of the slope, the presence or absence of spring water, and the construction period. These factors can\u2019t be captured by a mathematical formula.<\/p>\n
![\"Spray](\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/2026-01-19-23.52.04-2.jpg\")
<\/p>\nDon't Finalize Orders in a Single Go | Reducing Waste Is the Job of Construction Management<\/h3>\n
Finally, I\u2019d like to say a few words about how to add the ingredients.<\/p>\n
The quantities reported so far are, strictly speaking,Theoretical Quantity<\/strong>That's it.<\/p>\n
The actual slope is uneven, spring water seeps out, and sometimes you come across rock when you dig.<\/p>\n
It\u2019s almost never happened that the design and the actual site matched up, lol.<\/p>\n
So, I tend to think of the ingredients in two broad categories.<\/p>\n
Items that fit in one go<\/strong>: Reinforcing mesh, anchor pins, drain pipes \u2192 Items with a low unit price, where shipping costs end up being higher. Even if there\u2019s a little left over, it can be used at the next job site.<\/p>\n
Items to be divided into two parts<\/strong>\uff1a\u6cd5\u67a0\u9244\u7b4b\u3001\u30bb\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3001\u7802 \u3000\u2192 \u91cd\u91cf\u7269\u30fb\u5927\u91cf\u7269\u30021\u56de\u76ee\u306f8\u5272\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3067\u5165\u308c\u3066\u3001\u9032\u6357\u3092\u898b\u306a\u304c\u3089\u6b8b\u308a\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30bb\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u306a\u3093\u3066\u7279\u306b\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3001\u4f59\u3063\u305f\u3089\u56fa\u307e\u3063\u3066\u6368\u3066\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7802\u3082\u3001\u7f6e\u5834\u306e\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u98df\u3046\u3060\u3051\u98df\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u51e6\u5206\u8cbb\u304c\u639b\u304b\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6700\u60aa\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3\u304c\u6709\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7d50\u5c40\u3001\u6cd5\u67a0\u306e\u6750\u6599\u7b97\u51fa\u3063\u3066\u300c\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306b\u5f53\u3066\u308b\u6280\u8853\u300d\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3093\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3068\u8a00\u3044\u3064\u3064\u3082\u3001\u3051\u3063\u3053\u3046\u30d4\u30c3\u30bf\u30ea\u3060\u3068\u5b09\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7279\u306b\u30bb\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff57<\/p>\n
\u30b6\u30c3\u30af\u30ea\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u63b4\u3093\u3067\u3001\u5f8c\u304b\u3089\u8abf\u6574\u4ee3\u3092\u6b8b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u4ee5\u4e0b\u307e\u3067\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u4e8b\u306b\u795e\u7d4c\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3088\u308a\u3001\u300c\uff0b1\u300d\u3092\u5fd8\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3001\u5207\u308a\u4e0a\u3052\u3092\u5fd8\u308c\u306a\u3044\u30012\u56de\u76ee\u306e\u767a\u6ce8\u4f59\u5730\u3092\u6b8b\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3002\uff08\u51fa\u6765\u308b\u3060\u3051\uff09<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u3061\u306a\u307f\u306b\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3067\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u7b97\u51fa\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u552f\u4e00\u306e\u6b63\u89e3\u3067\u306f\u6709\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3084\u308a\u65b9\u306f\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u6ca2\u5c71\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4f1a\u793e\u3054\u3068\u3001\u4eba\u3054\u3068\u306b\u6d41\u5100\u304c\u6709\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u79c1\u306e\u306f\u300c\u73fe\u5834\u3067\u96fb\u5353\u53e9\u3044\u3066\u51fa\u305b\u308b\u300d\u4e8b\u3092\u512a\u5148\u3057\u305f\u3001\u304b\u306a\u308a\u4e71\u66b4\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3082\u3063\u3068\u826f\u3044\u3084\u308a\u65b9\u3092\u304a\u6301\u3061\u306e\u65b9\u306f\u3001\u305c\u3072\u6559\u3048\u3066\u4e0b\u3055\u3044\uff57<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
See you later.<\/p>\n
Thoughts on the Cross-Section of a Sprayed Mortar Worker | Analysis<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
- Adhesive Strength (c)<\/strong>: The force that binds soil particles together, regardless of vertical stress<\/li>\n
- Angle of Internal Friction (\u03c6)<\/strong>: A constant that appears in the formula for soil shear strength, \u03c4 = c + \u03c3 tan\u03c6, representing the angle that indicates the magnitude of frictional resistance, which increases in proportion to the normal stress.<\/li>\n
- (Vertical span + 1) = Number of vertical intersections<\/strong>(This time: 10)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- Horizontal span: (Vertical span + 1) \u00d7 Horizontal span = (9 + 1) \u00d7 6 = 60 sheets<\/strong><\/li>\n
- If there are 200 auxiliary anchors per box, then 900 \u00f7 200 = 4.5 boxes = 5 boxes<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- Main Anchor: 600 square meters \u00d7 0.3 = 180 bottles<\/strong><\/li>\n
- Las Wire Mesh: 600 square meters \u00d7 1.4 = 840 square meters<\/strong><\/li>\n
- Maximum Length of the Law<\/strong>(The longest part of the drawing)<\/li>\n