{"id":57735,"date":"2025-12-25T08:00:32","date_gmt":"2025-12-24T23:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/norimen.net\/?p=57735"},"modified":"2026-05-16T17:56:59","modified_gmt":"2026-05-16T08:56:59","slug":"limit-state-design-3-states","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/limit-state-design-3-states\/","title":{"rendered":"I've tried to explain the three states in limit state design in a way that's a little easier to understand."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hello, everyone.<\/p>\n<p>This is Enta.<\/p>\n<p>It's Christmas, isn't it? lol<\/p>\n<p>It's not just that it's barely related\u2014it's actually completely unrelated.<\/p>\n<p>But it's just a matter of my child asking me for money...<\/p>\n<p>Rather than a gift as a distraction, cash...<\/p>\n<p>It's a tough world out there.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-57737\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/87e68ad13fe6df30f0d66fc17df0c20a.jpg\" alt=\"Christmas\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>But that's beside the point.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The other day, I was talking to someone, and we were joking about how confusing the terminology in design can be, lol.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s not like I\u2019m confused\u2014I\u2019ve actually forgotten what the word even means, so it\u2019s not really a problem\u2014but I just thought it might be good to know...<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This is a term that often comes up in slope design, so let's review it again ^^<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>The Three States in Limit State Design<\/h2>\n<p>The limit state design method is a design approach that defines \u201climit states\u201d\u2014conditions under which a structure would fail or become unusable\u2014and verifies the structure\u2019s safety against those states.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Ultimate Limit State<\/h3>\n<p>This refers to the critical condition at which a structure or its components can no longer physically withstand the load.<\/p>\n<p>Phenomena: Failure, overturning, buckling, large deformations, etc.<\/p>\n<p>Result: The structure completely loses its stability and functionality.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-57738\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/791ac346979a2511c97167cde1f94da4.jpg\" alt=\"Ultimate Limit State\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" \/><\/p>\n<p>I picture the frame snapping in half and falling off the slope, or being severely crushed so that it can no longer support the soil and debris.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Serviceability Limit State<\/h3>\n<p>This refers to a condition in which, even if the structure itself is not damaged, issues arise with its appearance or usability, rendering it unusable.<\/p>\n<p>Symptoms: Excessive cracking, displacement, deformation, vibration, etc.<\/p>\n<p>Result: Durability is compromised, causing concern for users and preventing normal use.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-57739\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/3beb57005b479cf24fdb1d213601c906.jpg\" alt=\"Service Limit State\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The frame has countless tiny cracks on its surface and is slightly warped, giving the impression that \u201cit looks dangerous if left as is.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The pictures generated by AI already look like they've surpassed their limits, though lol<\/p>\n<h3>3. Fatigue Limit State<\/h3>\n<p>This refers to a condition in which a material weakens due to repeated application of force over a long period of time and eventually fails.<\/p>\n<p>Phenomenon: Fatigue failure caused by fluctuating loads (repeatedly applied forces).<\/p>\n<p>Result: Even a force that would not cause failure on a single application can lead to the failure of the component when applied repeatedly.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-57740\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Gemini_Generated_Image_72fthb72fthb72ft.jpg\" alt=\"Fatigue Limit Condition\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The way a part snaps suddenly one day after being subjected to the same load repeatedly\u2014such as vibrations from a moving vehicle or recurring wind pressure.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Here's what it looks like.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s good to know, but since I don\u2019t use it much outside of work, I tend to forget all about it lol.<\/p>\n<p>Let's just remember it as \"something happened, I guess.\"<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>See you later.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hello, everyone. It\u2019s Enta here. It\u2019s Christmas, isn\u2019t it? lol It\u2019s not really my thing\u2014or rather, it has absolutely nothing to do with me. But my kids are asking me for money\u2026 Rather than the distraction of presents, they just want cash\u2026 It\u2019s a tough world out there. But anyway\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":57743,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[42,1],"tags":[14108,14109,14110,14111],"class_list":["post-57735","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-civil-design","category-others","tag-14108","tag-14109","tag-14110","tag-14111"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ 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