{"id":55084,"date":"2025-07-23T08:00:46","date_gmt":"2025-07-22T23:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/?p=55084"},"modified":"2026-05-16T23:10:49","modified_gmt":"2026-05-16T14:10:49","slug":"trainee-method-4-mortar-concrete-spray","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-4-mortar-concrete-spray\/","title":{"rendered":"Construction Methods for Technical Intern Trainees (Part 4): Mortar Spraying and Concrete Spraying"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hello, everyone.<\/p>\n<p>This is Enta.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Construction Methods for Technical Intern Trainees (Part 1): Slope Cleaning Work\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-1-cleaning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Methods for Technical Intern Trainees (Part 1): Slope Cleaning Work<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Construction Methods for Technical Intern Trainees (Part 2): Lath Installation\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-2-lath\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Methods for Technical Intern Trainees (Part 2): Lath Installation<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Construction Methods for Technical Intern Trainees (Part 3): On-Site Spray Application for Formwork\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-3-frame-spray\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Methods for Technical Intern Trainees (Part 3): On-Site Spray Application for Formwork<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Following up on the previous post, this one is about mortar sprayers and concrete sprayers.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-39628\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/2015-09-07-10.52.06.jpg\" alt=\"Mortar Spraying Worker\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The purpose of sprayed mortar and sprayed concrete is to prevent the weathering of natural bedrock.<\/p>\n<p>This construction is designed to prevent rainwater from seeping into the bedrock and soil layers of the natural ground due to wind and rain.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, since this is strictly a surface-level measure from a legal standpoint, it has no power to prevent collapse.<\/p>\n<p>The use of reinforcing mesh and rebar creates overall structural integrity, making it a structure that is resistant to partial collapse.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"77\" data-end=\"90\">\u25a0 Sprayed Mortar Contractor<\/h3>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_80l1q_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_80l1q_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 126px;\" data-start=\"92\" data-end=\"574\">\n<thead data-start=\"92\" data-end=\"149\">\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"92\" data-end=\"149\">\n<th style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"92\" data-end=\"102\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Thickness (cm)<\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"102\" data-end=\"114\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Uses<\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"114\" data-end=\"129\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Soil Type<\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"129\" data-end=\"149\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Places of Application<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"218\" data-end=\"574\">\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"218\" data-end=\"275\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"218\" data-end=\"230\" data-col-size=\"sm\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"230\" data-end=\"242\">Temporary<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"242\" data-end=\"255\">Anywhere<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"255\" data-end=\"275\">Anywhere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"276\" data-end=\"330\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"276\" data-end=\"288\" data-col-size=\"sm\">5<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"288\" data-end=\"298\">Temporary or Permanent<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"298\" data-end=\"310\">Within the Frame, Bedrock, and Sediment<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"310\" data-end=\"330\">Anywhere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"331\" data-end=\"392\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"331\" data-end=\"343\" data-col-size=\"sm\">7<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"343\" data-end=\"355\">Main Facility<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"355\" data-end=\"370\">Bedrock<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"370\" data-end=\"392\">County Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"393\" data-end=\"454\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"393\" data-end=\"405\" data-col-size=\"sm\">8<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"405\" data-end=\"417\">Main Facility<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"417\" data-end=\"432\">Bedrock<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"432\" data-end=\"454\">County Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"455\" data-end=\"513\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"455\" data-end=\"467\" data-col-size=\"sm\">10<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"467\" data-end=\"479\">Main Facility<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"479\" data-end=\"494\">Bedrock<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"494\" data-end=\"513\">National Highway or Cold Regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"514\" data-end=\"574\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"514\" data-end=\"526\" data-col-size=\"sm\">15<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"526\" data-end=\"538\">Main Facility<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"538\" data-end=\"553\">Bedrock<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"553\" data-end=\"574\">National Highway or Cold Regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"576\" data-end=\"579\" \/>\n<h3 data-start=\"581\" data-end=\"596\">\u25a0 Shotcrete Worker<\/h3>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_80l1q_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_80l1q_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 126px;\" data-start=\"598\" data-end=\"1002\">\n<thead data-start=\"598\" data-end=\"642\">\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"598\" data-end=\"642\">\n<th style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"598\" data-end=\"608\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Thickness (cm)<\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"608\" data-end=\"615\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Uses<\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"615\" data-end=\"622\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Soil Type<\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"622\" data-end=\"642\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Places of Application<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"698\" data-end=\"1002\">\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"698\" data-end=\"750\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"698\" data-end=\"710\" data-col-size=\"sm\">3<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"710\" data-end=\"719\">\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"719\" data-end=\"726\">\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"726\" data-end=\"750\">\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"751\" data-end=\"805\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"751\" data-end=\"763\" data-col-size=\"sm\">5<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"763\" data-end=\"772\">\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"772\" data-end=\"781\">\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"781\" data-end=\"805\">\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"856\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"818\" data-col-size=\"sm\">7<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"818\" data-end=\"825\">Main Facility<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"825\" data-end=\"832\">Bedrock<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"832\" data-end=\"856\">Prefectural and National Highways<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"857\" data-end=\"907\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"857\" data-end=\"869\" data-col-size=\"sm\">8<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"869\" data-end=\"876\">Main Facility<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"876\" data-end=\"883\">Bedrock<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"883\" data-end=\"907\">Prefectural and National Highways<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"908\" data-end=\"956\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"908\" data-end=\"920\" data-col-size=\"sm\">10<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"920\" data-end=\"927\">Main Facility<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"927\" data-end=\"934\">Bedrock<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"934\" data-end=\"956\">Prefectural and National Highways or Cold Regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"957\" data-end=\"1002\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-start=\"957\" data-end=\"969\" data-col-size=\"sm\">15<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"969\" data-end=\"976\">Main Facility<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"976\" data-end=\"983\">Bedrock<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px;\" data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"983\" data-end=\"1002\">Prefectural and National Highways or Cold Regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1019\" data-end=\"1061\">\n<p data-start=\"1021\" data-end=\"1061\"><strong data-start=\"1021\" data-end=\"1030\">3 cm thick<\/strong>: May be used only with mortar for temporary applications. Not used with concrete. (With or without wire mesh)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1062\" data-end=\"1111\">\n<p data-start=\"1064\" data-end=\"1111\"><strong data-start=\"1064\" data-end=\"1073\">5 cm thick<\/strong>: Mortar can be used for temporary or permanent structures (such as bedrock), but concrete is not used.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1112\" data-end=\"1146\">\n<p data-start=\"1114\" data-end=\"1146\"><strong data-start=\"1114\" data-end=\"1125\">At least 7 cm thick<\/strong>: Both are used for their intended purposes. Bedrock is the basic requirement.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1147\" data-end=\"1182\">\n<p data-start=\"1149\" data-end=\"1182\"><strong data-start=\"1149\" data-end=\"1161\">At least 10 cm thick<\/strong>: Used in harsh environments such as cold regions and national highways.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1183\" data-end=\"1222\">\n<p data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1222\"><strong data-start=\"1185\" data-end=\"1221\">Concrete tends to be used in applications where higher durability is required than with mortar.<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7409\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg\" alt=\"Selecting the Spray Thickness\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Although there are basic design criteria, the selection is made with a certain degree of flexibility.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Although the design calls for shotcrete, it is often changed to mortar spraying due to considerations regarding the construction yard and construction efficiency.<\/p>\n<p>According to the design mix, the sprayed concrete work requires a cement content of at least 360 kg\/m\u00b3, and<\/p>\n<p>Since the cost of sprayed mortar work is 420 kg\/m\u00b3, the design price for sprayed mortar work is higher, making it more likely to be revised.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Spray Coating Thickness Measurement<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-44496\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg\" alt=\"Spray Coating Thickness Measurement\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Measuring the thickness of the sprayed mortar or concrete is one method of quality control for sprayed mortar and concrete work.<\/p>\n<p>One location for every 200 m\u00b2 of total area; if the total area is 200 m\u00b2 or less, there must be at least two locations.<\/p>\n<p>Although there are specifications that allow for a negative value, you should always ensure that the spray thickness is met.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Spacers are used to ensure the correct spray thickness.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-42035\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3955\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/fd31a9001c972a6c5eb2afe955417e89.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"460\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Koiwa Wire Mesh Co., Ltd.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.koiwa.co.jp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Koiwa Wire Mesh Co., Ltd.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The PC spacers are manufactured to be 1 mm thinner than their specified thickness.<\/p>\n<p>If you conceal the spacers properly, it will match the designed thickness.<\/p>\n<h3>The most important thing when applying sprayed mortar is not to apply it thicker than the specified thickness!<\/h3>\n<p>The reason is that it costs money.<\/p>\n<p>The thickness specified in the design is sufficient.<\/p>\n<p>If the design specification is 10 cm and 11 cm is sprayed, 1 cm is wasted.<\/p>\n<p>1 cm worth of materials and labor costs will be wasted.<\/p>\n<p>Be sure to check the spacers carefully and apply the spray coating exactly as designed.<\/p>\n<p>Applying the coating evenly and smoothly requires skill, but applying it to the exact specified thickness also requires skill.<\/p>\n<p>Let's take our time and get used to it.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>See you later.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u8a9e\u8a33\u958b\u59cb --><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Construction Methods for Technical Interns (Part 4) \u2013 Mortar Spraying &amp; Concrete Spraying<\/h2>\n<p>Hello, everyone.<\/p>\n<p>My name is Enta.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng d\u00e0nh cho Th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp sinh k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng (Ph\u1ea7n 1) - D\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p m\u00e1i taluy\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-1-cleaning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Methods (Part 1) \u2013 Clearing the Slope<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng d\u00e0nh cho Th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp sinh k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng (Ph\u1ea7n 2) - Thi c\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00e9p\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-2-lath\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Methods (Part 2) \u2013 Installing Steel Mesh<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi c\u00f4ng d\u00e0nh cho Th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp sinh k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng (Ph\u1ea7n 3) - Khung l\u01b0\u1edbi phun t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-3-frame-spray\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Methods (Part 3) \u2013 In-Situ Sprayed Mesh Frame<\/a><\/p>\n<p>This time, we'll continue to explore shotcrete and sprayed concrete.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-39628\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/2015-09-07-10.52.06.jpg\" alt=\"Mortar Spraying Worker\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The primary function of shotcrete and concrete application is to prevent the weathering of the bedrock.<\/p>\n<p>The construction is intended to prevent rainwater from seeping into the rock or soil.<\/p>\n<p>However, since this is only a surface treatment for the slope, it is not capable of preventing major landslides.<\/p>\n<p>Installing steel mesh or reinforcing steel will provide overall structural integrity and reduce the risk of localized landslides.<\/p>\n<h3>\u25a0 Mortar Spraying (Mortar Sprayer)<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thickness (cm)<\/th>\n<th>Purpose<\/th>\n<th>Soil Type<\/th>\n<th>Applicable Locations<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Temporary<\/td>\n<td>Anywhere is fine<\/td>\n<td>Anywhere is fine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Temporary or Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Within the frame, bedrock, soil<\/td>\n<td>Anywhere is fine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Official<\/td>\n<td>Original Stone<\/td>\n<td>Provincial Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Official<\/td>\n<td>Original Stone<\/td>\n<td>Provincial Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Official<\/td>\n<td>Original Stone<\/td>\n<td>National Highway or Cold Region<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>Official<\/td>\n<td>Original Stone<\/td>\n<td>National Highway or Cold Region<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u25a0 Concrete Spraying (Concrete Sprayer)<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thickness (cm)<\/th>\n<th>Purpose<\/th>\n<th>Soil Type<\/th>\n<th>Applicable Locations<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Official<\/td>\n<td>Original Stone<\/td>\n<td>Provincial Roads, National Highways<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Official<\/td>\n<td>Original Stone<\/td>\n<td>Provincial Roads, National Highways<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Official<\/td>\n<td>Original Stone<\/td>\n<td>Road\/Highway or Cold Zone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>Official<\/td>\n<td>Original Stone<\/td>\n<td>Road\/Highway or Cold Zone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>3 cm<\/strong>: Applies only to temporary mortar. Does not apply to concrete. (With or without mesh)<\/li>\n<li><strong>5 cm<\/strong>: Temporary or permanent mortar (aggregate), not concrete.<\/li>\n<li><strong>7 cm or more<\/strong>: Both are intended for formal use and require a stone background.<\/li>\n<li><strong>10 cm or more<\/strong>: For use in harsh environments such as highways or cold regions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Concrete<\/strong>: Typically used in applications that require greater durability than mortar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7409\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg\" alt=\"Selecting the Spray Thickness\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Although there are basic design specifications, the actual thickness can be adjusted flexibly depending on the construction conditions.<\/p>\n<p>Although the design calls for shotcrete, due to site conditions or efficiency considerations, the method is often changed to mortar spraying.<\/p>\n<p>Concrete spray: cement \u2265 360 kg\/m\u00b3<br \/>\nMortar mix: Cement \u2265 420 kg\/m\u00b3 \u2192 Higher design cost \u2192 Easier to convert to mortar.<\/p>\n<h3>Measuring Spray Thickness<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-44496\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg\" alt=\"Spray Coating Thickness Measurement\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Construction shape management includes measuring the thickness of the sprayed layer.<\/p>\n<p>1 location per 200 m\u00b2. If the area is less than 200 m\u00b2, then \u2265 2 locations.<\/p>\n<p>Ensure that the design thickness is sufficient and does not fall below the specified requirement.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-42035\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3955\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/fd31a9001c972a6c5eb2afe955417e89.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"460\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Spacer PCs are typically thinner than the design thickness of 1 mm.<br \/>\nIf the spacer is completely covered \u2192 it is the correct design thickness.<\/p>\n<h3>The most important thing when spraying mortar: don't make the layer too thick!<\/h3>\n<p>Because if it's thicker \u2192 costs go up.<\/p>\n<p>As long as it meets the design thickness, that's fine. If the design calls for 10 cm but you spray 11 cm, that 1 cm is wasted.<\/p>\n<p>Materials + labor: 1 cm will be wasted.<\/p>\n<p>Check the spacer carefully and spray according to the design specifications.<\/p>\n<p>Applying a smooth, even coat requires technique, and getting the thickness just right also takes skill. Keep practicing little by little.<\/p>\n<p>See you later!<\/p>\n<p><!-- \u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u8a9e\u8a33\u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067 --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \u30cd\u30d1\u30fc\u30eb\u8a9e\u8a33\u958b\u59cb --><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Developed for the Ship Development Training Program (Part 4) \u2013 Mortar Spraying and Concrete Pouring<\/h2>\n<p>Greetings to everyone.<\/p>\n<p>I am anta.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\u0938\u0940\u092a \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092e (\u092d\u093e\u0917 1) - \u0922\u0932\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u092b\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-1-cleaning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SEP Development Training (Part 1) \u2013 Drain Cleaning Operations<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\u0938\u0940\u092a \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092e (\u092d\u093e\u0917 2) - \u091c\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u0921\u093e\u0928\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-2-lath\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SEP Development Training (Part 2) \u2013 Mesh Paths<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"\u0938\u0940\u092a \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093f\u092e (\u092d\u093e\u0917 3) - \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091f\u092e\u093e \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e \u091b\u093f\u0921\u093c\u0915\u093e\u0935\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-3-frame-spray\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SEP Development Training (Part 3) \u2013 Removing Frames from a Website<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Mortar and Concrete, Once Again Please provide information on the .<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-39628\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/2015-09-07-10.52.06.jpg\" alt=\"Mortar Spraying Worker\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Mortar and Concrete Sprayer The main purpose is to protect to protect the surface from erosion .<\/p>\n<p>Rain, wind, dust, and mud remain intact, so they are left on the surface to prevent damage from rain and wind.<\/p>\n<p>Therefore, These are merely surface-level safety measures , but they have no direct effect on preventing the spread of the virus.<\/p>\n<p>By using Jali and Ribar, we have to create a uniform appearance, and to prevent damage from heavy rainfall .<\/p>\n<h3>\u25a0 Mortar Chidkav<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Circumference (cm)<\/th>\n<th>Experiment<\/th>\n<th>Types of Clay<\/th>\n<th>Scope of Application<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Temporary<\/td>\n<td>Wherever<\/td>\n<td>Wherever<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Temporary or Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Inside the Frame, Roof, Floor<\/td>\n<td>Wherever<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Main Roof<\/td>\n<td>State Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Main Roof<\/td>\n<td>State Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Main Roof<\/td>\n<td>Highway or Remote Area<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Main Roof<\/td>\n<td>Highway or Remote Area<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u25a0 Concrete Chipping<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Circumference (cm)<\/th>\n<th>Experiment<\/th>\n<th>Types of Clay<\/th>\n<th>Scope of Application<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Main Roof<\/td>\n<td>State Roads, Highways<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Main Roof<\/td>\n<td>State Roads, Highways<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Main Roof<\/td>\n<td>State\/ Highway or Chiso Area<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Main Roof<\/td>\n<td>State\/ Highway or Chiso Area<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>3 cm<\/strong>: Mortar is used only for temporary applications . Concrete is not used. (Whether it is mesh or not)<\/li>\n<li><strong>5 cm<\/strong>: Mortar\u2014temporary or permanent p (on the roof), concrete is not used.<\/li>\n<li><strong>7 cm or more<\/strong>: For permanent use in Dubai. A roof is required.<\/li>\n<li><strong>10 cm or more<\/strong>: This area or highway in harsh environments.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Concrete<\/strong>: I want something that sticks better than mortar in such situations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7409\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg\" alt=\"Selecting the Spray Thickness\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Although there are design criteria, in practice, there are some .<\/p>\n<p>Even though the design calls for concrete, the car I make adjustments to the layout based on the site conditions are adjusted accordingly.<\/p>\n<p>Concrete Spraying: Cement \u2265 360 kg\/m\u00b3<br \/>\nMortar Mixing: Cement \u2265 420 kg\/ m\u00b3 \u2192 Higher cost \u2192 Structural changes .<\/p>\n<h3>Measurement of Chidaka-mo-tai<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-44496\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg\" alt=\"Spray Coating Thickness Measurement\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>A Method for Construction Control is the measurement of moisture content.<\/p>\n<p>One space for every 200 m\u00b2, If the area is within 200 m\u00b2, there must be at least 2 locations.<\/p>\n<p>Even if the design meets the minimum standards, Make absolutely sure these points are covered .<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-42035\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3955\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/fd31a9001c972a6c5eb2afe955417e89.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"460\" \/><\/p>\n<p>PC spacer design: 1 mm thicker than the standard It is made smaller.<br \/>\nIf the spacer is hidden, then in the design has gone off the rails.<\/p>\n<h3>The Most Important Thing About Mortar Mixing important point: Design it to be more open than the mortar !<\/h3>\n<p>That's why expenses go up.<\/p>\n<p>Based on the design, the cutting process has been implemented.<\/p>\n<p>Even if the design calls for 10 cm, if you make it 11 cm, is wasted.<\/p>\n<p>That 1 cm results in material and labor costs is wasted.<\/p>\n<p>According to the Spacer Herer design, It must be cut out.<\/p>\n<p>Even though it looks simple, the design is a type of shell that\u2019s designed to be easy to open is a kind of challenge. Please practice.<\/p>\n<p>Let's go on a ferry ride!<\/p>\n<p><!-- \u30cd\u30d1\u30fc\u30eb\u8a9e\u8a33\u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067 --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \u30bf\u30ac\u30ed\u30b0\u8a9e\u8a33\u958b\u59cb --><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Construction Procedures for Technical Interns (Part 4) \u2013 Spraying Mortar and Concrete<\/h2>\n<p>How are you all doing?.<\/p>\n<p>I'm Enta.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Paraan ng Konstruksyon Bahagi 1 - Paglilinis ng Slope\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-1-cleaning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Procedures (Part 1) \u2013 Slope Cleaning<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Paraan ng Konstruksyon Bahagi 2 - Pagkakabit ng Wire Mesh\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-2-lath\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Procedures (Part 2) \u2013 Installing Wire Mesh<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Paraan ng Konstruksyon Bahagi 3 - On-site Framework Spray\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-3-frame-spray\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Process (Part 3) \u2013 On-site Framework Spray<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Today, we'll continue our discussion on spraying mortar and concrete.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-39628\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/2015-09-07-10.52.06.jpg\" alt=\"Mortar Spraying Worker\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The primary purpose of spraying mortar and concrete is to protect the bedrock from weathering.<\/p>\n<p>This is done to prevent rain from eroding the soil or rocks on the slope.<\/p>\n<p>Since this is only a surface treatment, it will not prevent the soil from eroding completely.<\/p>\n<p>If wire mesh or rebar is used, the structure will be more stable and the risk of a localized landslide will be reduced.<\/p>\n<h3>\u25a0 Mortar Spray<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Kapal (cm)<\/th>\n<th>Gamit<\/th>\n<th>Uri ng Lupa<\/th>\n<th>Location<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Pansamantala<\/td>\n<td>No Matter Where<\/td>\n<td>No Matter Where<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Pansamantala or Pangmatagalan<\/td>\n<td>Within the frame, rocks, earth<\/td>\n<td>No Matter Where<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Pangmatagalan<\/td>\n<td>Batuhan<\/td>\n<td>Provincial Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Pangmatagalan<\/td>\n<td>Batuhan<\/td>\n<td>Provincial Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Pangmatagalan<\/td>\n<td>Batuhan<\/td>\n<td>National Road in a Cold Place<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>Pangmatagalan<\/td>\n<td>Batuhan<\/td>\n<td>National Road in a Cold Place<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u25a0 Concrete Spraying<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Kapal (cm)<\/th>\n<th>Gamit<\/th>\n<th>Uri ng Lupa<\/th>\n<th>Location<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Pangmatagalan<\/td>\n<td>Batuhan<\/td>\n<td>Provincial\/National Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Pangmatagalan<\/td>\n<td>Batuhan<\/td>\n<td>Provincial\/National Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Pangmatagalan<\/td>\n<td>Batuhan<\/td>\n<td>National Road in a Cold Place<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>Pangmatagalan<\/td>\n<td>Batuhan<\/td>\n<td>National Road in a Cold Place<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>3 cm<\/strong>: Mortar is used only for temporary applications. Concrete is not used. (With or without wire mesh)<\/li>\n<li><strong>5 cm<\/strong>: Mortar can be temporary or permanent (stone). Concrete is not used.<\/li>\n<li><strong>7 cm pataas<\/strong>: These are intended for long-term use. Please purchase the amount you need.<\/li>\n<li><strong>10 cm pataas<\/strong>: Used in harsh environments such as national highways or cold climates.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Concrete<\/strong>: It is used in places where greater strength is required than mortar can provide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7409\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg\" alt=\"Selecting the Spray Thickness\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>There are some basic designs, but they can be modified depending on site conditions.<\/p>\n<p>Even when concrete is specified in the design, it is often replaced with mortar for logistical or efficiency reasons.<\/p>\n<p>Sprayed concrete: cement \u2265 360 kg\/m\u00b3<br \/>\nMortar spray: cement \u2265 420 kg\/m\u00b3 \u2192 more expensive \u2192 that's why it's often used.<\/p>\n<h3>Measuring the Thickness of the Spray<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-44496\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg\" alt=\"Spray Coating Thickness Measurement\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>One method of quality control is measuring the thickness of the spray.<\/p>\n<p>1 location per 200 m\u00b2. If the area is less than 200 m\u00b2, there must be at least 2 locations.<\/p>\n<p>A negative tolerance may be allowed, provided that the design thickness is maintained.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-42035\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3955\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/fd31a9001c972a6c5eb2afe955417e89.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"460\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The PC spacer is 1 mm thinner than the design thickness.<br \/>\nWhen the spacer is in place \u2192 the thickness is just right.<\/p>\n<h3>The most important lesson about mortar spray: Don't spray beyond the design thickness!<\/h3>\n<p>Why? Because it's an extra expense.<\/p>\n<p>The design thickness is sufficient.<\/p>\n<p>The design was 10 cm, but after spraying it, it became 11 cm\u2014so 1 cm was wasted.<\/p>\n<p>It wastes materials and labor costs.<\/p>\n<p>Be sure to use the spacer and spray according to the design.<\/p>\n<p>Applying an even, smooth spray takes skill, but getting the right thickness takes skill, too. Let's practice.<\/p>\n<p>See you again!<\/p>\n<p><!-- \u30bf\u30ac\u30ed\u30b0\u8a9e\u8a33\u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067 --><br \/>\n<!-- \u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\u30cd\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e\u8a33\u958b\u59cb --><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Work Methods for Technical Trainees (Part 4) \u2013 Mortar &amp; Concrete Spraying<\/h2>\n<p>Hello, everyone.<\/p>\n<p>Saya Enta.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Metode Pekerjaan Bagian 1 - Pembersihan Lereng\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-1-cleaning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Work Methods (Part 1) \u2013 Slope Clearing<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Metode Pekerjaan Bagian 2 - Pemasangan Kawat Jaring\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-2-lath\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Work Methods (Part 2) \u2013 Installing Wire Mesh<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Metode Pekerjaan Bagian 3 - Semprotan Rangka di Lapangan\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-3-frame-spray\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Work Methods (Part 3) \u2013 On-Site Frame Spraying<\/a><\/p>\n<p>In this article, we'll discuss sprayed mortar and concrete.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-39628\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/2015-09-07-10.52.06.jpg\" alt=\"Mortar Spraying Worker\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The primary function of sprayed mortar and concrete is to prevent weathering of the bedrock.<\/p>\n<p>This is done to prevent rainwater from seeping into the soil or rock on the slope.<\/p>\n<p>However, this is only surface protection, and it is not enough to withstand a major landslide.<\/p>\n<p>By adding wire mesh or reinforcing bars, the structure becomes more cohesive and resistant to localized damage.<\/p>\n<h3>\u25a0 Semprotan Mortar<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thickness (cm)<\/th>\n<th>Usage<\/th>\n<th>Soil Type<\/th>\n<th>Implementation Locations<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Meanwhile<\/td>\n<td>Anywhere<\/td>\n<td>Anywhere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Temporary or permanent<\/td>\n<td>In the context of, rocks, soil<\/td>\n<td>Anywhere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Basic Batuan<\/td>\n<td>Provincial Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Basic Batuan<\/td>\n<td>Provincial Road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Basic Batuan<\/td>\n<td>National or regional roads in cold regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Basic Batuan<\/td>\n<td>National or regional roads in cold regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u25a0 Sprayed Concrete<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thickness (cm)<\/th>\n<th>Usage<\/th>\n<th>Soil Type<\/th>\n<th>Implementation Locations<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Basic Batuan<\/td>\n<td>Provincial\/National Roads<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Basic Batuan<\/td>\n<td>Provincial\/National Roads<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Basic Batuan<\/td>\n<td>National or regional roads in cold regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Basic Batuan<\/td>\n<td>National or regional roads in cold regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>3 cm<\/strong>: Used only for temporary mortar. Concrete is not used. (with or without wire mesh)<\/li>\n<li><strong>5 cm<\/strong>: Mortar can be used temporarily or permanently (on rock). Concrete is not used.<\/li>\n<li><strong>7 cm and up<\/strong>: Both are used for permanent purposes. Rock is the primary requirement.<\/li>\n<li><strong>10 cm and up<\/strong>: Used in harsh environments such as national highways or cold regions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Beton<\/strong>: It is better suited for applications that require higher durability than mortar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7409\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg\" alt=\"Selecting the Spray Thickness\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>There are basic design guidelines, but adjustments are often made based on on-site conditions.<\/p>\n<p>Although it is designed for sprayed concrete, it is often switched to mortar for reasons of efficiency and site conditions.<\/p>\n<p>Sprayed concrete: cement \u2265 360 kg\/m\u00b3<br \/>\nSprayed mortar: cement \u2265 420 kg\/m\u00b3 \u2192 higher price \u2192 often switched to mortar.<\/p>\n<h3>Spray Thickness Measurement<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-44496\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg\" alt=\"Spray Coating Thickness Measurement\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>One method of quality control is to measure the spray thickness.<\/p>\n<p>1 measurement point per 200 m\u00b2. If the area is less than 200 m\u00b2, then a minimum of 2 measurement points is required.<\/p>\n<p>There is a negative tolerance limit, but the design thickness must always be met.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-42035\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3955\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/fd31a9001c972a6c5eb2afe955417e89.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"460\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The PC spacer was made 1 mm thinner than the specified thickness.<br \/>\nIf the spacer is completely sealed, it means the thickness is as designed.<\/p>\n<h3>The most important thing when spraying mortar: Do not exceed the specified thickness!<\/h3>\n<p>That would increase the cost.<\/p>\n<p>The thickness specified in the design is sufficient.<\/p>\n<p>Jika desain 10cm tapi disemprot 11cm, maka 1cm itu terbuang sia-sia.<\/p>\n<p>Itu berarti bahan dan biaya tenaga kerja terbuang.<\/p>\n<p>Gunakan spacer dan semprot sesuai ketebalan desain.<\/p>\n<p>Menyemprot dengan rapi membutuhkan keahlian. Tapi menyemprot sesuai desain juga butuh keahlian. Mari belajar bersama.<\/p>\n<p>Sampai jumpa lagi!<br \/>\n<!-- \u82f1\u8a9e\u8a33\u958b\u59cb --><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Construction Method for Technical Interns (Part 4) \u2013 Mortar Spraying &amp; Concrete Spraying<\/h2>\n<p>Hello everyone,<\/p>\n<p>This is Enta.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Construction Method Part 1 \u2013 Slope Cleaning\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-1-cleaning\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Method (Part 1) \u2013 Slope Cleaning<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Construction Method Part 2 \u2013 Wire Mesh Installation\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-2-lath\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Method (Part 2) \u2013 Wire Mesh Installation<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Construction Method Part 3 \u2013 On-site Framework Spraying\" href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/trainee-method-3-frame-spray\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction Method (Part 3) \u2013 On-site Framework Spraying<\/a><\/p>\n<p>In this article, we will continue with mortar spraying and concrete spraying.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-39628\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/2015-09-07-10.52.06.jpg\" alt=\"Mortar Spraying Work\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The main function of mortar and concrete spraying is to prevent weathering of natural rock surfaces.<\/p>\n<p>It is applied to prevent rainwater from penetrating the rock or soil surfaces.<\/p>\n<p>Since this is a surface treatment only, it has no power to directly suppress landslides.<\/p>\n<p>By adding wire mesh or rebar, the structure becomes more unified and resistant to partial collapse.<\/p>\n<h3>\u25a0 Mortar Spraying<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thickness (cm)<\/th>\n<th>Usage<\/th>\n<th>Soil Type<\/th>\n<th>Applicable Location<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Temporary<\/td>\n<td>Anywhere<\/td>\n<td>Anywhere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Temporary or Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Within frame, rock, soil<\/td>\n<td>Anywhere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Primarily rock<\/td>\n<td>Prefectural road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Primarily rock<\/td>\n<td>Prefectural road<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Primarily rock<\/td>\n<td>National road or cold regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Primarily rock<\/td>\n<td>National road or cold regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u25a0 Concrete Spraying<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; text-align: center;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Thickness (cm)<\/th>\n<th>Usage<\/th>\n<th>Soil Type<\/th>\n<th>Applicable Location<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<td>\u2015\u2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Primarily rock<\/td>\n<td>Prefectural\/National roads<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Primarily rock<\/td>\n<td>Prefectural\/National roads<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Primarily rock<\/td>\n<td>National roads or cold regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<td>Permanent<\/td>\n<td>Primarily rock<\/td>\n<td>National roads or cold regions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>3 cm<\/strong>: Used only for mortar temporary use. Not used for concrete. (With or without mesh)<\/li>\n<li><strong>5 cm<\/strong>: Mortar can be used temporarily or permanently (on rock). Concrete is not used.<\/li>\n<li><strong>7cm and above<\/strong>: Both used for permanent purposes. Rock is a basic condition.<\/li>\n<li><strong>10cm and above<\/strong>: Used in harsh conditions such as national roads or cold regions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Concrete<\/strong>: Used in places requiring higher durability than mortar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7409\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg\" alt=\"Thickness Selection\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/3dbd0dd3a3ecf38df4864cbbabf86360-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>While there are basic design conditions, actual application is flexible depending on the site.<\/p>\n<p>Although concrete spraying may be specified in the design, it is often changed to mortar spraying due to worksite conditions and efficiency.<\/p>\n<p>Concrete spraying: cement \u2265 360kg\/m3<br \/>\nMortar spraying: cement \u2265 420kg\/m3 \u2192 higher price \u2192 more likely to be chosen.<\/p>\n<h3>Spraying Thickness Measurement<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-44496\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg\" alt=\"Thickness Measurement\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/830aad5a685fc313bcc368fcdb40af09-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>One of the quality control methods is measuring the thickness of the sprayed layer.<\/p>\n<p>One location per 200m\u00b2. If the area is less than 200m\u00b2, measure at two or more points.<\/p>\n<p>There are negative tolerance standards, but the design thickness must always be ensured.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-42035\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/RIMG2996-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3955\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/fd31a9001c972a6c5eb2afe955417e89.jpg\" alt=\"PC Spacer\" width=\"600\" height=\"460\" \/><\/p>\n<p>PC spacers are made 1mm thinner than the design thickness.<br \/>\nIf the spacer is fully hidden, then it meets the designed thickness.<\/p>\n<h3>The most important thing in mortar spraying: Do NOT spray more than the design thickness!<\/h3>\n<p>Why? Because it increases the cost.<\/p>\n<p>The design thickness is sufficient.<\/p>\n<p>If the design is 10cm but you spray 11cm, 1cm is wasted.<\/p>\n<p>That 1cm means wasted material and labor cost.<\/p>\n<p>Use spacers properly and spray according to design.<\/p>\n<p>Spraying a flat surface takes skill, and spraying exactly to design thickness also requires skill. Let\u2019s master it together.<\/p>\n<p>See you next time!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hello, everyone. This is Enta. Construction Methods for Technical Intern Trainees (Part 1): Slope Cleaning Workers Construction Methods for Technical Intern Trainees (Part 2): Lath Installers Construction Methods for Technical Intern Trainees (Part 3): On-Site Sprayed Formwork Workers Following up on the previous post, this time we\u2019ll cover mortar sprayers and concrete sprayers. Mo\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":54676,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[37],"tags":[97,139,140,394,3631,6874],"class_list":["post-55084","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mortar-spraying","tag-97","tag-139","tag-140","tag-pc","tag-3631","tag-6874"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ 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