{"id":4582,"date":"2017-09-22T10:13:31","date_gmt":"2017-09-22T01:13:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/?p=4582"},"modified":"2026-06-10T00:06:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-09T15:06:09","slug":"reinforcement-cover-frame-construction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/rebar-cover-frame-construction\/","title":{"rendered":"Concrete Cover for Reinforcing Bars | Regulations on Cover Thickness for Formwork"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hello, everyone.<\/p>\n<p>This is Enta.<\/p>\n<p>Things are pretty hectic from September through October.<\/p>\n<p>We\u2019re constantly repeating the cycle of completing a small job in a week, packing up, and moving on to the next one.<\/p>\n<p>Moving the machinery and setting everything up is a real pain, but it\u2019s actually pretty worth it. (laughs)<\/p>\n<p>Our employees are busy, but I\u2019m busy too\u2014I\u2019m the one who handles the shipping and machine setup.<\/p>\n<p>The quotes are piling up...<\/p>\n<p>To everyone waiting for a quote: Please wait just a little longer.<\/p>\n<p>We're doing it tonight!<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4588\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/d32e600de796de1939abf4de74ac8633.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"480\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/d32e600de796de1939abf4de74ac8633.png 480w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/d32e600de796de1939abf4de74ac8633-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/d32e600de796de1939abf4de74ac8633-300x300.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>But that's beside the point.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Reinforcement Cover<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4583\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/e30b5d8f2031c3fc1933320b959ebadf.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"460\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/e30b5d8f2031c3fc1933320b959ebadf.jpg 600w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/e30b5d8f2031c3fc1933320b959ebadf-300x230.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><\/div>\n<p>This is what a \"kaburi\" looks like!<\/p>\n<p>What Is \"Kaburi\"?<br \/>\n\"Cover is one of the parameters used in reinforced concrete design; it refers to the shortest distance from the reinforcing bars to the concrete surface. It is a term used in concrete engineering. In architectural terminology, it is called 'cover thickness.'<br \/>\n\"The concrete cover protects the rebar from oxidation. Therefore, if the cover is insufficient, the rebar begins to oxidize, significantly reducing the strength of the reinforced concrete. In buildings damaged by salt damage, insufficient concrete cover is often the cause. In reinforced concrete with insufficient cover, the rebar may appear to be exposed.\"<\/p>\n<p>From Wikipedia (<strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E3%81%8B%E3%81%B6%E3%82%8A\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Here<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong>\uff09<\/p>\n<p>So, what about the legal framework?<br \/>\n\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d<br \/>\nReinforcement Cover<br \/>\nThe minimum overlap value is the value calculated as follows, which is used as the standard<br \/>\nCmin = \u03b1 \u00b7 c0<\/p>\n<p>Cmin: Minimum cover<br \/>\n\u03b1: The following value based on the design strength f\u2019ck of the mortar<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong>f\u2019ck \u2264 18 N\/mm\u00b2 \u03b1 = 1.2<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">18 N\/mm\u00b2 &lt; f\u2019ck &lt; 34 N\/mm\u00b2 \u03b1 = 1.0<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">34 N\/mm\u00b2 \u2264 f\u2019ck     \u03b1 = 0.8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>c0: Standard overlap. 30 mm is the standard.<\/p>\n<p>Reinforcing Bar Gaps<br \/>\nHorizontal openings must be at least the diameter of the rebar (\u03c6) or 20 mm,<br \/>\nAt least 4\/3 times the maximum aggregate size is standard<br \/>\nIn the case of spray-applied formwork, taking fillability into account,<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">It is recommended that the gap between reinforcing bars be at least 40 mm.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>National Association for the Protection of Specified Slopes, November Heisei 18, p. 50<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d\uff0d<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">In the case of NEXCO, 40 mm or more<\/span><\/span><\/strong>Please keep that in mind.<\/p>\n<p><strong>*Guidelines for the Design and Installation of Ground Anchors*<br \/>\nEast, Central, and West Japan Expressway Company, Ltd., August H19, pp. 85\u201386<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #ff1493;\">Horizontal Overhang<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The effective length is calculated; for a 300-unit frame, it is 235 mm.<br \/>\nThere are 65 mm left.<br \/>\nSince half the rebar diameter fits within this 65 mm, in the case of D13, 6.5 mm is added, resulting in a horizontal cover of 58.5 mm.<br \/>\nFurthermore, even if you add the D13, 58.5 mm \u2013 13 mm = 45.5 mm, which is within the specified range.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><strong>40mm &lt; 45.5 = OK!<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #ff1493;\">Reinforcement Cover<\/span><\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nIf we simply plug the values into the above equation,<\/p>\n<p>Use D13 rebar with a 300 legal limit.<\/p>\n<p>Cmin = 1.2 \u00d7 30 mm = 36 mm.<\/p>\n<p>So, you need to make sure there's at least 36 mm, right?<\/p>\n<p><u><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">How to Stack<\/span><\/u>However,<span style=\"font-size: 18px; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Stack them vertically in the direction of the principal stress and tie them together<\/strong><\/span>I will.<br \/>\nPlease stack them vertically, as the rebar for the formwork will be arranged as shown in the cross-sectional view above.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>However, if there is too much overlap, it actually weakens the concrete section.<\/p>\n<p>Since the point where the rebar and concrete meet is the strongest part of reinforced concrete,<\/p>\n<p>The farther apart the rebar and concrete are, the closer the structure is to being unreinforced.<\/p>\n<p>Concrete alone is not very resistant to bending, so there is a risk of cracking or failure.<\/p>\n<p>As long as you don't consider the cover, the closer the rebar is to the surface, the greater the strength of the reinforced concrete.<\/p>\n<p>However, as mentioned above, if you don't remove the excess, it will end up rusting, which is out of the question.<\/p>\n<p>Balance is important in everything, isn't it?<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4587\" src=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/25eb09bb98cc34055281e34ca00c6bcd.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/25eb09bb98cc34055281e34ca00c6bcd.jpg 700w, https:\/\/norimen.net\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/25eb09bb98cc34055281e34ca00c6bcd-300x168.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve also written an article that delves a bit deeper into the \u201ccalculations\u201d for rebar cover. It covers everything from the minimum cover (Cmin = \u03b1 \u00d7 c0) and a 40 mm rebar spacing to practical examples of horizontal cover when using D13 rebar in a 300-method formwork system.<a href=\"https:\/\/norimen.net\/en\/rebar-cover-calculation-slope-frame\/\">Tips for Calculating and Ensuring Reinforcement Cover | A Civil Engineer Explains Minimum Cover and Reinforcement Clearance in Formwork Construction Using Real-World Examples<\/a>Please feel free to try this, too.<\/p>\n<p>See you later.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hello, everyone. This is Enta. Things have been pretty hectic from September through October. We\u2019ve been repeating the same cycle: completing a small job in a week, packing up, and moving on to the next one. Transporting the equipment and coordinating everything is really tough, but it\u2019s actually pretty rewarding. (laughs) Our employees are busy too, but when it comes to transportation\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4586,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[29],"tags":[60,61,62,63,438,526,695],"class_list":["post-4582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-frame-spraying","tag-60","tag-61","tag-62","tag-63","tag-438","tag-nexco","tag-695"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.3 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ 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